tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-28057129070573199812024-03-05T16:28:59.396-08:00FaTiEnAdYaMc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.comBlogger20125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-83656171667824357422011-12-16T04:46:00.000-08:002011-12-16T04:46:40.685-08:00KESAHAN DAN KEBOLEHPERCAYAAN<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: magenta;">KESAHAN</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;">-Ia merujuk kepada darjah ketepatan proses penaksiran menaksir konsep yang tertentu yang hendak diukur penilai.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;">-Ia juga merujuk kepada 2 perkara:</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;"> 1) Kesahan instrumen</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;"> 2) Kesahan inferens/kesimpulan</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: magenta;">KEBOLEHPERCAYAAN</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;">-ia merujuk kepada ketekalan alat pengukur dalam mengukur aspek yang hendak diukur.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: lime;">Bagaimana untuk menentukan kebolehpercayaan ujian?</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;">1- kaedah uji-uji semula</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;">2-ukuran kesetaraan</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;">3-ketekalan antara pemeriksa</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;">4-ketekalan dalaman </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;">5-kaedah belah 2</span>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-88849324198831111602011-12-16T04:24:00.000-08:002011-12-16T04:25:48.062-08:00PENTAKSIRAN, PENGUJIAN, PENGUKURAN DAN PENILAIAN<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: lime;">PENTAKSIRAN</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Pentaksiran -proses mengumpul data tentang apa yang pelajar tahu dan laukan</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: lime;">PENGUJIAN</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Pengujian- proses mengumpul data secara sistematik</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: lime;">PENILAIAN</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Penilaian-proses membandingkan data untuk menentukan nilainya</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: lime;">PENGUKURAN</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Pengukuran-proses yang menggunakan skala standard atau alat pengukur</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">-<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial;">Ujian</span></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial; text-align: justify;"> ialah salah satu alat pengukuran.</span></span></span></span>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-35429802480069535092011-12-02T10:29:00.000-08:002011-12-02T10:34:54.961-08:00MY NEW PREZI!!!!!<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: lime;">AKHIRNYA MY MOVIE MAKER TELAH DITUKARKAN SEPENUHNYA KEPADA PREZI...PERASAAN SANGAT GEMBIRA WALAUPUN BUAT LAST MINUTE KERANA KESUNTUKAN MASA....</span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ9ujrLeZcN_APzpbIG6GZoyMzXp1zBtmG1u9JKl9F72Zi84beD4ks2RJxqWmMxrpr5IW7bT71-YpTTXB6Hnlh4FVHDPqKJT1BxRI6L2pnnq0t949dBaurySwTVr8OiuTjZwmZquN_jb8/s1600/b-422926-Animated_Apple_.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ9ujrLeZcN_APzpbIG6GZoyMzXp1zBtmG1u9JKl9F72Zi84beD4ks2RJxqWmMxrpr5IW7bT71-YpTTXB6Hnlh4FVHDPqKJT1BxRI6L2pnnq0t949dBaurySwTVr8OiuTjZwmZquN_jb8/s200/b-422926-Animated_Apple_.gif" width="200" /></a></div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-26098639918106130992011-11-28T18:10:00.000-08:002011-11-28T18:10:41.254-08:00APA ITU MISKONSEPSI?<div style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: yellow;">Miskonsepsi adalah kefahaman atau kepercayaan yang tersasar daripada yang asal.</span><span><span style="color: #dd8047; font-family: Wingdings;"> atau</span></span></span></div><div style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span style="color: #dd8047; font-family: Wingdings;">lebih tepat lagi </span></span></span></div><div style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span></span></span></div><div style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span></span></span></div><div style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span></span></span></div><div style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span></span></span></div><div style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span style="color: #dd8047; font-family: Wingdings;"></span></span></span><span style="color: yellow; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">Kefahaman</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">/</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">tanggapan</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">/</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">kepercayaan</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> yang </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">berbeza</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">daripada</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">kefahaman</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">sains</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> yang </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">diterima</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">pakai</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">pada</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">satu-satu</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">masa</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> (yang </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">membawa</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">maksud</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">satu</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">kesalahan</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">)</span></span></div><div style="background-color: black;"><br />
</div><div style="background-color: black; color: lime;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">CIRI-CIRI MISKONSEPSI</span></span></div><div style="background-color: black; color: yellow;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">-sukar diubah</span></span></div><div style="background-color: black; color: yellow;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">-berasal dari pengalaman</span></span></div><div style="background-color: black; color: yellow;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">-kurang kefahaman</span></span></div><div style="background-color: black; color: yellow;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">-</span></span><span style="font-size: 21pt;"><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 70%;"></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">Dipegang</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">dengan</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">kukuh</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">, </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">iaitu</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">sukar</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">dibetulkan</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">/</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">ditukar</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2";"> </span></span></span></div><div style="background-color: black; color: yellow;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2";">-</span></span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">Agak</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">stabil</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">, </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">iaitu</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">berulang</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> kali </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">timbul</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">atau</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">digunakan</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">dalam</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">konteks</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> yang </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">berbeza</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span></span></span></div><div style="background-color: black; color: yellow;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2";">-</span></span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">Biasanya</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">terhasil</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">daripada</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">pengalaman</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">seharian</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> (</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">melalui</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">deria</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">)</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span></span></span></div><div style="background-color: black; color: yellow;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2";">-</span></span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">Biasanya</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">merupakan</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">generalisasi</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">melampau</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> (</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; font-style: italic;">overgeneralization</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">) </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">suatu</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">kefahaman</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> yang </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">betul</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span></span></span></div><span style="background-color: black; color: yellow; font-size: small;"><span><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2";">-</span></span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">Menunjukkan</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">kurang</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">kefahaman</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">berbanding</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">kurang</span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";">pengetahuan</span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; font-size: 21pt;"> </span>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-59947053552373228292011-11-18T13:11:00.000-08:002011-11-18T13:13:30.588-08:00SAYA, MEDIA DAN TEKNOLOGI <br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWmFeCEnNMQvfp3HyO_kkYKExMVmBt1HrD5hQfqxAenfLi9a2C9td0f9870uH5-Y1IGFfS_n6wDtWjtjX_s58PtonEBJjoqqLXZsvthVk3DTRDZVbympv5gKiYcWMWJsG21LhFBPIEVig/s1600/ba_teacher-animated-1b9hgmi.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWmFeCEnNMQvfp3HyO_kkYKExMVmBt1HrD5hQfqxAenfLi9a2C9td0f9870uH5-Y1IGFfS_n6wDtWjtjX_s58PtonEBJjoqqLXZsvthVk3DTRDZVbympv5gKiYcWMWJsG21LhFBPIEVig/s320/ba_teacher-animated-1b9hgmi.gif" width="320" /></a></div><div> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white;">Mule2 semangat nk gne PREZI, alih2 xgne pun..Orang lain gune PREZI...tibe2 ak gne VIDEOPAD VIDEO EDITOR..bunyi cam canggih je,padahal last minute cri software yg leh gnti ngan PREZI...susah kalo umh ade tnet malu2 nk bergerak pantas ni..terpakse gne software yg ad dlm lptop je,,,apesal pagi2 bute ni ak nk wt sesi luahan hati dlm blog ni..cam geli je..hahaa...syok sdri smbil lyan lagu Im Surrender.. Walaupun xbrape nk smart video ni...harap2 dpt bg manfaat utk sy n sume yg menonton..ad ke org nk tgk ke vdeo ni..huahuahua..</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white;"> Kepada Dr. saya mntak maaf jikalau video ini tidak memuaskan hati..sebarang kesilapan akan saya perbetulkan....</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyS71Swnk_k0VHlNXq3FoJkOXyrx41OkpYO8Uy1OITrIZ9n7uV0S8YB7uOVM0agzE-ED1xWVH3xSYOJXdcJJw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4bt3ucs0JU0MMwwOIRyfWXrlNxb9m9BE5i0HxOvov9Q5lMyWaJpLTyJ3-oKgVz4ZfO4kUHuC3otVze0QWtb1t04_ezJ4r9vwUxZDNXb2NBADc_MGHfp0EY8n9-ru49exRrPjCpnEuUBc/s1600/thanksb.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4bt3ucs0JU0MMwwOIRyfWXrlNxb9m9BE5i0HxOvov9Q5lMyWaJpLTyJ3-oKgVz4ZfO4kUHuC3otVze0QWtb1t04_ezJ4r9vwUxZDNXb2NBADc_MGHfp0EY8n9-ru49exRrPjCpnEuUBc/s1600/thanksb.gif" /></a></div><br />
<div> </div></div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-22854115928459062632011-11-18T13:03:00.000-08:002011-11-18T20:46:53.483-08:00KATA-KATA BIJAK PADA HARI INI<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white;">Uji ketajaman mata anda sebelum renungi kata-kata motivasi di bawah..</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlxEyrOsYPvLGkC8mEMcp331ULegzw4GLDBpvMYjNC5XMh59XFXo4AqB9BMKmnb9D2zlnkh_N-r_0bKcm_rCiYb3ATEPlMLA7IY1QRE4Guc5Pn32jKQVyuMwRd6-0cGEZUzlEZiXy2EEE/s1600/animated+fractal+1024.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlxEyrOsYPvLGkC8mEMcp331ULegzw4GLDBpvMYjNC5XMh59XFXo4AqB9BMKmnb9D2zlnkh_N-r_0bKcm_rCiYb3ATEPlMLA7IY1QRE4Guc5Pn32jKQVyuMwRd6-0cGEZUzlEZiXy2EEE/s320/animated+fractal+1024.gif" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiimc7-Kr4T5Dp0r7kHPH5bhW1717-lLi9GAHzZx0DjBohoAYpAcTJGXBE7E_ZslwkQyblHejnmD8tpM5iFXKxEEgTXHQMgrriwWnXFYvqpE0QkSLID3F0g2OrHx3x_50b6X2kwdshENnM/s1600/images+%252825%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiimc7-Kr4T5Dp0r7kHPH5bhW1717-lLi9GAHzZx0DjBohoAYpAcTJGXBE7E_ZslwkQyblHejnmD8tpM5iFXKxEEgTXHQMgrriwWnXFYvqpE0QkSLID3F0g2OrHx3x_50b6X2kwdshENnM/s1600/images+%252825%2529.jpg" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOiLH1Oy8YmWkDPSRCuyx7uUY5o8-yk8hTHIB-ZAdVsmKpZItpPUTp6e6Kef0KDxp66tL9gypOLvAQVyjpE8G5USxWZS3-F6Monq_QdLC_SDuVhSw5jWck7w76Uep1cV-XQbw2YLrnP-0/s1600/islam10.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOiLH1Oy8YmWkDPSRCuyx7uUY5o8-yk8hTHIB-ZAdVsmKpZItpPUTp6e6Kef0KDxp66tL9gypOLvAQVyjpE8G5USxWZS3-F6Monq_QdLC_SDuVhSw5jWck7w76Uep1cV-XQbw2YLrnP-0/s320/islam10.png" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh03L6RBcdOZZa49VVdQ9XuMquLinEJ8sH26N5gRCzh5f-Aklmei0FS2O3AckPx1VXQi8oaPj_5ztpD7sIDShjzH6Fz6wnM5xZrmGI727LEpvN5Wbpiq6WkIzROsIwclZVGWXWpouH9o5Q/s1600/images+%252826%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="149" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh03L6RBcdOZZa49VVdQ9XuMquLinEJ8sH26N5gRCzh5f-Aklmei0FS2O3AckPx1VXQi8oaPj_5ztpD7sIDShjzH6Fz6wnM5xZrmGI727LEpvN5Wbpiq6WkIzROsIwclZVGWXWpouH9o5Q/s200/images+%252826%2529.jpg" width="200" /></a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQuv5OIipZ4YmXQKHIy0R3awEixuXgjB6J7Zps1bFoNgHvv7Ea9ceiO6oLJ-DDdxTEYiGOmUpTZVB70NRXIGmQRZcUp-PGs_-C2OVUUN3zgyBH4TUXZ4DOg0E0YUWkOxjMFI4_NG8bKrs/s1600/stop-dreaming-start-action.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQuv5OIipZ4YmXQKHIy0R3awEixuXgjB6J7Zps1bFoNgHvv7Ea9ceiO6oLJ-DDdxTEYiGOmUpTZVB70NRXIGmQRZcUp-PGs_-C2OVUUN3zgyBH4TUXZ4DOg0E0YUWkOxjMFI4_NG8bKrs/s200/stop-dreaming-start-action.jpg" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQ6pW1iaE8ClfJRfYgaMgXgjPE2yAyXieiAEJau5z2b26Afj2sdpQ6HGzyeC8yxslbQVrRB3GUF7m10GPRu2YgdlRT2JvNUdrkCM_VsUquXuZtRL54yMyXKs3p_08p4JQqNl1yCssurTc/s1600/images+%252824%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQ6pW1iaE8ClfJRfYgaMgXgjPE2yAyXieiAEJau5z2b26Afj2sdpQ6HGzyeC8yxslbQVrRB3GUF7m10GPRu2YgdlRT2JvNUdrkCM_VsUquXuZtRL54yMyXKs3p_08p4JQqNl1yCssurTc/s320/images+%252824%2529.jpg" width="253" /></a><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIKVHHsAXRc8gsraTh6bA_-kXTd6STdbKJ5K47I1Jge2zuqQ4RoCvbA_l2WlIqjqyaQ5xxNyVNUToszBIBBVMPYNkBV03M4eOfqgt7j0ky_5jq6fgtYr9JxEKSXSQlAiNjjGPFOjVuxgg/s1600/mutiara1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIKVHHsAXRc8gsraTh6bA_-kXTd6STdbKJ5K47I1Jge2zuqQ4RoCvbA_l2WlIqjqyaQ5xxNyVNUToszBIBBVMPYNkBV03M4eOfqgt7j0ky_5jq6fgtYr9JxEKSXSQlAiNjjGPFOjVuxgg/s320/mutiara1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-24057804037144680982011-11-15T02:40:00.000-08:002011-11-15T02:43:03.442-08:00TAKSONOMI BLOOM<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; font-size: large;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">Untuk membuat penilaian dan pengukuran, perlu dirujuk kepada objektif pengajaran. Taksonomi Bloom memberi sumbangan untuk mengukur objektif pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Taksonomi ialah klasifikasi berhirarki dari sesuatu, atau prinsip yang mendasari klasifikasi. <b>Taksonomi Bloom</b> merujuk pada </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksonomi" title="Taksonomi"><span style="color: blue; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">taksonomi</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;"> yang dibuat untuk tujuan </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendidikan" title="Pendidikan"><span style="color: blue; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">pendidikan</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">. Taksonomi ini pertama kali disusun oleh </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_S._Bloom&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Benjamin S. Bloom (belum dibuat)"><span style="color: blue; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">Benjamin S. Bloom</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;"> pada tahun</span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956" title="1956"><span style="color: blue; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">1956</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;"> (wikipedia). </span><span style="color: #fd0707; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">Menurut Benjamin S. Bloom, aras kognitif boleh dibahagikan kepada 6 tahap, iaitu: Pengetahuan, Kefahaman, Aplikasi, Analisis, Sintesis dan Penilaian.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: .5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #cc0000;"><b><br />
</b></span></span></span> <img height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRP0oKk_lcA37KfOb3rGdr-BZ0tvTzuE9Iwfda2LGARynmFgpgjYihzqfGPdQVvJpxRYbxZfuZ4-JJ4menkmw8Vk6ET-FgzyRnz0BXXlfePhT3artX3uMAXGsw4I91Njxf2EBsCa2UBvQ/s320/taksonomi+bloom.jpg" width="320" /></span><br />
<b style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">Aras Pengetahuan</span></span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; font-size: large;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;"> <br />
</span><span style="color: #fd0707; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">Aras ini menguji sejauh mana keupayaan pelajar untuk mengingat kembali fakta atau pengetahuan telah dipelajari. Terdapat tiga peringkat dalam aras pengetahuan ini :<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial;"><br />
<br />
</span>1. Pengetahuan fakta khusus berkaitan dengan istilah berbentuk perkataan atau symbol.<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial;"><br />
</span>2. Pegetahuan tentang cara mengendalikan sesuatu yang meliputi pengetahuan tentang proses, aliran, pemeringkatan, penjenisan, teknik atau prosedur tertentu dalam menyelesaikan masalah.<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial;"><br />
</span>3. Pengetahuan tentang perkara yang bersifat sejagat dan abstrak dalam sesuatu bidang. Contonya; siapa,apa, di mana, bila, beri definisi, senaraikan, dan nyatakan.<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial;"><br />
<br />
</span>Ciri-ciri soalan aras pengetahuan:<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial;"><br />
</span>• Pelajar perlu menggunakan proses mental.<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial;"><br />
</span>• Pengetahuan yang diminta hendaklah sama dengan pebgajaran guru.<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial;"><br />
</span>• Soalan tidak memerlukan pelajar mengubah pengetahuan dalam bentuk baru.• Jawapan dapat ditentukan dengan mudah sama ada salah atau betul.<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial;"><br />
<br />
<br />
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Aras Kefahaman</span></span></b><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #fd0707; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;"><br />
<br />
</span><span style="color: #fd0707; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">Aras ini memerlukan keupayaan pelajar member huraian atau makna sesuatu perkara. Aras kefahaman ini terbahagi kepada tiga:<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial;"><br />
</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">Penterjemahan</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Menterjemah bahasa lain ke bahasa lain tanpa mengubah makna asal.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Mentafsir (Interpretasi)</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Mentafsir idea/ mesej tersirat dan tersurat.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Menerangkan idea dalam ayat sendiri.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Ekstrapolasi</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Membuat inferens tentang apa yang akan berlaku pada masa hadapan berdasarkan maklumat yang diberikan/ terima.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Perkataan yang sering digunakan dalam soalan bagi aras kefahaman ini anataranya jelaskan, huraikan, terangkan, mengapakah, bezakan, nyatakan, dan kelaskan.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Ciri-ciri soalan aras kefahaman</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Proses mental</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Maklumat asas telah diajar</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Perlu bahan atau alat komunikasi</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Pelajar menyatakan kefahaman mereka sendiri.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Aras Aplikasi</span></b></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Aras ini menguji keupayaan pelajar menggunakan konsep, teori, prinsip, hukum, dan prosedur. Aras ini memerlukan pelajar benar-benar memahami segala konsep, teori, hukum, untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Perkataan yang sering digunakan dalam soalan bagi aras aplikasi antaranya kirakan, selesaikan, susunkan, dan gunakan.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Ciri-ciri soalan aras aplikasi</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Menggunakan proses mental aplikasi</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Soalan melibatkan tiga frasa iaitu</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Masalah situasi yang baru tidak dengan masalah yang dibincangkan dalam bilik darjah.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Aras Analisis</span></b></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Aras ini mengkehendaki pelajar untuk memecahkan sesuatu perkara kepada unsur-unsur kecil dan memperlihatkan pertalian antara unsur-unsur. Aras ini menekankan keupayaan pelajar mengenal pasti unsur-unsur dan struktur yang mengaitkan unsur-unsur.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Jenis-jenis aras analisis</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">1. Analisis unsur – memerlukan pelajar menetukan unsur-unsur. Pelajar juga perlu mencari bukti untuk menyokong unsur yang sedia ada.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">2. Analisis hubungan – membuat perkaitan bukti dengan hipotesis.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">3. Analisis prinsip – pelajar mengenal pasti prinsip sesuatu organisasi yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan sesuatu dengan mengenalisis tujuan, pandangan dan pendirian.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Perkataan yang sering digunakan dalam soalan bagi aras ini ialah kenapakah, mengapa, apakah faktor, buatkan rumusan dan buktikan.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Ciri-ciri soalan aras analisis</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Soalan menggunakan proses mental analisis</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Situasi masalah berbeza daripada pengalaman dalam bilik darjah.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Situasi, dokumen perlu dianalisis</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">• Soalan memerlukan fikiran kritik, bukan mengulang pengetahan yang dipelajari.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Aras Sintesis</span></b></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><br />
</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Aras ini memerlukan keupayaan pelajar untuk menggabungkan sesuatu struktur kepada yang lebih jelas.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Jenis-jenis soalan aras sintesis.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">1. Sintesis penyampaian – menghurai dan menarik minat.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">2. Sintesis himpunan – satu himpunan perlakuan.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">3. Sintesis cadangan – cadangan melalui andaian, analisis dan hubungan yang abstrak.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Perkataan yang sering digunakan dalam soalan bagi aras ini ialah ramalkan, hasilkan, tuliskan, cadangan, dan apa akan berlaku.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Aras Penilaian</span></b></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;">Aras ini menguji keupayaan pelajar menilai sesuatu perkara berasakan kriteria yang perlu diketahui. Pelajar perlu membuat pertimbangan tentang nilao sesuatu idea hasil kerja penyelesaian bahan, sesuatu idea atau sebagainya. Pertimbangan dibuat dengan piawaian tertentu seperti tepat, berkesan, memuaskan, baik, buruk dan lain-lain. Perkataan yang sering digunakan dalam soalan bagi aras ini ialah pertimbangkan, rumuskan, nilaikan, kritikkan, buktikan, dan huraikan.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: #fd0707; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; text-indent: 0px;"><br />
</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-15115923565459969322011-11-15T02:35:00.000-08:002011-11-15T02:35:02.206-08:00INKUIRI<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Inkuiri secara amnya bermaksud mencari maklumat, menyoal dan menyiasat fenomena </span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">yang berlaku di sekeliling. Melalui inkuiri, pelajar menerangkan objek ataupun proses, menyoal,<span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;">menjalankan eksperimen bagi menjawab soalan, dan berkomunikasi bagi berkongsi penemuanataupun penyelesaian.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> Inkuiri saintifik merujuk pada pelbagai cara yang digunakan oleh ahlisains bagi mengkaji alam semula jadi dan mencadangkan penjelasan berasaskan bukti hasildaripada daya usaha mereka. Inkuiri di dalam kelas sains merujuk pada aktiviti-aktiviti pelajar bagi membolehkan mereka meluaskan pengetahuan dan</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">memah</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ami</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">idea-idea</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">saint</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ifik serta </span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">kefaha</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">man</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">tentang</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">bagaimana</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ahli sains mengkaji alam</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">semula</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">jadi. Inkuiri pelajar melibatkan </span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">pemer</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">hatian, mengemukakan soalan,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">menyem</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ak buku</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">dan su</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">mber-sumber</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">maklumat lain</span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">tentang perkara yang sudah diketahui, merancang penyiasatan, menyemak perkara yang <span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;">dik</span></span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">eta</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">hui</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ber</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">asaskan</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">bukti</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">eksperime</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">n,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">men</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ggunaka</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">n</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">alat</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">unt</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">uk</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">mengumpul</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ana</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">lis</span></span><span class="l8"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">is,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l8"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">dan </span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">interpretasi data, mencadangkan jawapan, penjelasan dan berkongsi keputusan atau dapatan.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: black; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">Inkuiri dapat juga ditakrifkan seperti berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">a)</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Inkuiri ial</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ah satu proses mencari dan</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">menyiasat masal</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ah, membina hipotesis, mereka</span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">bentuk eksperimen, mengumpul data dan membuat kesimpulan bagi menyelesaikan</span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">masalah.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">b)</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Inkui</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ri didefinis</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ikan sebagai proses mencari kebenaran, maklumat ataupun</span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">pengetahuan melalui kaedah penyoalan. Proses inkuiri bermula dengan pengumpulan<span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;">maklu</span></span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">mat melalui deria</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">penglihatan,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">pendengaran, sentuhan, rasa dan</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">bau</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">(Whet</span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">School & Dismey Learning Partnership 2000).<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">c)</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Inkui</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ri didefinisikan sebagai teknik penyoalan mengenai satu perkara dan</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">mencar</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">i</span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">jawapan kepada penyoalan yang diutarakan. Ia melibatkan pemerhatian danpengukuran yang teliti, membuat hipotesis, menterjemah dan membina teori. Inkuirimemerlukan kemahiran mengeksperimen, refleksi dan mengambil kira kekuatan dankelemahan kaedah yang digunakan (Herank 2000).<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Dal</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">am</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">inkuir</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">i</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">saintifik</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">pelaja</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">r</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">menggun</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">aka</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">n</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">pengetahuan,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ima</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">gin</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">asi</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">taa</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">kul</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">an</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">dan </span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">kemahiran proses untuk membina secara aktif kefahaman saintifik. Inkuiri saintifik menggunakan pemikiran dan kemahiran proses untuk membina kefahaman tentang pengetahuansains secara aktif. Melalui inkuiri, pelajar berlatih kemahiran yang diperlukan dalam kehidupan<span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;">seharian. Kemahiran adalah keupayaan yang dipelajari untuk melakukan sesuatu dengan baik.Kemahiran hidup ditakrifkan sebagai kemahiran yang membantu individu untuk berjaya dan </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;">mel</span></span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">alu</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">i</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">kehi</span></span><span class="l8"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">dupa</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">n</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">yan</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">g</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">produkt</span></span><span class="l8"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">if</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l8"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">dan</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l8"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">mem</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">uas</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">kan</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">sepert</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">i</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ber</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">fikir</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">mengur</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">us,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">pri</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">hatin</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 1.9pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">dan</span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">sebagainya. (Hendricks 1996).<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: black; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">Inkuiri saintifik berlaku apabila :<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"><span class="a"><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Pengalaman pembelajaran </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">memberi masa </span></span><span class="l8"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">kepada pelajar </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">membina kefahaman</span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">berkaitan sains melalui integrasi konsep dan proses dalam konteks yangmenggalakkan penerokaan, perdebatan dan perbincangan.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"><span class="a"><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Pengalaman pembelajaran</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">memberi peluang</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l8"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">kepada pelajar</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">bagi membina,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"> </span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">mengguna</span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">dan mengimbang sifat-sifat ingin tahu, keterbukaan dan keraguan.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Jangka</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">an pembel</span></span><span class="l7"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ajaran berkaitan inkui</span></span><span class="l6"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: 0.95pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">ri saintifik dan penyiasatan ataupun</span></span><span class="a"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">penerokaan dicerminkan dalam amalan</span></span></span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-34251878707549815952011-11-15T02:32:00.000-08:002011-11-15T02:32:02.636-08:00TEORI-TEORI PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">TEORI BEHAVIOURISME</span></span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">-Teori ini dikenali umum dengan aliran mazhab tingkah laku yang mengutamakan pembelajaran kemahiran tertentu khususnya kemahiran fizikal. Mengikut Pavlov (1962), setiap rangsangan menimbulkan gerakbalas dan berlaku pembelajaran apabila terdapat perkaitan antara ransangan dan gerakbalas. Pembelajaran yang berlaku kerana ada perkaitan antara dua rangsangan dinamakan pelaziman. Teori Skinner pula menekankan peneguhan positif dan peneguhan negatif bertujuan untuk menambahkan kebarangkalian berulangnya sesuatu tingkahlaku dana bukan untuk menghentikannya. Peneguhan positif ialah untuk menentukan tingkah laku positif dengan maklumbalas yang positif. Contohnya, pujian terhadap murid-murid yang memberikan jawapan yang betul. Peneguhan negatif pula diberi untuk memberi kesan yang tidak menyeronokkan atau tidak menyenangkan seseorang individu Kesimpulannya, teori behaviourisme memberi fokus terhadap tingkahlaku yang ingin dilihat, diukur dan dinilai. Tingkahlaku ini boleh dibentuk melalui persekitaran dan peneguhan yang diberi.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">TEORI KOGNITIF</span></span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Teori kognitif lebih menumpukan kepada aspek pemikiran pelajar. Setiap pelajar mempunyai kebolehan mental untuk mengelola, menyimpan dan mengeluarkan semula segala pembelajaran lanjutan atau untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Menurut Bloom (1950), aras pengetahuan terbahagi kepada 6 iaitu:<br />
1. Pengetahuan<br />
2. Kefahaman<br />
3. Aplikasi<br />
4. Analisis<br />
5. Sintesis<br />
6. Penilaian</span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">Teori Pembelajaran Gagne</span></span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">-Teori pembelajaran Gagne juga dikenali sebagai teori pemprosesan maklumat. Mengikut Gagne, organisma menerima pelbagai jenis rangsangan daripada persekitarannya secara sedar dan tidak sedar. Rangsangan ini akan diterima dan diproses oleh deria-deria orgnisma. Setiap individu akan menilai input daripada persekitarannya, mentafsirkannya dan memindahkannya kepada tindakbalas tertentu. Rangsangan diproses oleh sistem saraf untuk dikenali dan diletakkan dalam bahagian otak ingatan jangka Gagne juga mengatakan bahawa pembelajaran dan penyampaian isi pengajaran mesti bergerak daripada aras paling mudah kepada yang lebih kompleks. Beliau mengemukakan 8 fasa yang melibatkan proses pembelajaran :<br />
i) motivasi<br />
ii) kefahaman<br />
iii) pemerolehan<br />
iv) penahanan<br />
v) mengingat kembali<br />
vi) generalisasi<br />
vii) pelakuan </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;"> ix) maklum balas</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">TEORI KONSTRUKTIVISME </span></span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">-Teori konstruktivisme pada dasarnya menekankan pembinaan konsep yang asas sebelum konsep itu dibangunkan dan kemudiannya diaplikasikan apabila diperlukan . Menurut Brooks (1998), manusia membentuk pemikiran dan membina pemahaman berdasarkan peristiwa yang mereka alami sebelum ini. Ini merujuk kepada teori konstruktivisme yang menekankan pembinaan konsep melalui pengetahuan lepas. Menurut Jones (1997) pula, konstruktivisme ialah proses menambah dan mensintesis maklumat baru berpandukan pengetahuan sedia ada untuk mendapatkan satu maklumat baru. Kesimpulannya, konstruktivism ialah proses membuat analisis dan menilai maklumat baru diterima berdasarkan pengetahuan yang sedia ada dan menggunakan pengalaman individu untuk menjana suatu maklumat baru. Hasilannya, individu tersebut akan membentuk pemahamannya sendiri dan suatu konsep tertentu berhubung pengetahuan dan maklumat berkenaan.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: magenta;"><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip-prinsip Konstruktivisme </span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
1. Pengetahuan dibina pelajar.<br />
2. Pemahaman dibentuk melalui analisis dan sintesis pengalaman lalu.<br />
3. Aktiviti pembelajaran menggabungkan 3 domain iaitu domain kognitif, domain afektif dan domain psikomotor.<br />
4. Refleksi membantu membentuk pengetahuan dan pemahaman.<br />
5. Pelajar berperanan menentukan pembelajaran sendiri.<br />
6. Hasilan pembelajaran adalah pelbagai dan sukar hendak dijangka.<br />
7. Menggalakkan pelajar berfikir dan mencuba idea baru.<br />
8. Menyokong dan mencabar pemikiran seseorang pelajar.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Guru perlu mengenalpasti cara untuk mengaitkan pengajaran dengan pengetahuan sedia ada pelajar supaya pelajar dapat menggambarkan perkara yang diajar dan memudahkan mereka untuk faham . Menurut Sells dan Glasgow (1998), konstruktivism menekankan penerokaan dan penemuan kendiri melalui aktiviti penyelesaian masalah. Oleh itu, teori ini sesuai digunakan untuk gaya pembelajaran reflektif kerana pelajar mengaitkan pengetahuan dan pengalaman lepas untuk membentuk pemahaman baru. Aktiviti-aktiviti yang dilaksanakan ialah melalui perbincangan, perdebatan, eksplorasi, pembinaan dan kolaboratif.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">TEORI MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE</span></span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">-Menurut Alick (1999), teori multiple intelligence diperkenalkan oleh Howard Gardner. Teori ini mencadangkan 8 jenis kecerdasan yang mungkin dimiliki oleh setiap individu yang boleh membantu pembelajaran mereka iaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; width: 75%;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 31.0%;" width="31%"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Jenis<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 69.0%;" width="69%"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Sifat<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 31.0%;" width="31%"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Linguistik<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 69.0%;" width="69%"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Pelajar menggunakan bahasa secara berkesan dan mempunyai keupayaan auditori yang optimum. Belajar paling baik melalui pendengaran .Tidak membina gambaran mental . Suka bercakap .Gemar membaca, bermain teka kata dan penulisan<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 31.0%;" width="31%"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Logikal<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 69.0%;" width="69%"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Pemikiran secara konsep, abstrak. Berkebolehan menjelajahi dan menghubungkait .Gemar pembuktian, pengiraan, permainan berasaskan logik dan menyelesaikan puzzle<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 31.0%;" width="31%"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Bodily / Kinesthetic<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 69.0%;" width="69%"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Gemar pergerakan aktif dalam pembelajaran. Mempunyai kemahiran berkomunikasi melalui body language dan aktiviti fizikal. Cemerlang dalam aktiviti 'hands-on' . Sukar memberi tumpuan dan fokus.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 31.0%;" width="31%"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Visual / spatial<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 69.0%;" width="69%"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Perlukan visual untuk membina kefahaman . Belajar paling berkesan melalui gambar dan imej . Menukar apa yang dibaca dan didengar kepada gambaran mental. Cemerlang dalam pembelajaran bilik darjah.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-67256223527667326212011-11-15T02:25:00.000-08:002011-11-15T02:28:03.080-08:00DEFINISI PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <img src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;">Apa dia pengajaran?</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: black; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: black; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">-Pengajaran ialah sesuatu tugasan dan aktiviti yang diusahakan bersama oleh guru dan muridnya. Pengajaran ini adalah dirancangkan guru secara sisitematik dan teliti untuk melaksanakannya dengan kaedah dan teknik mengajar yang sesuai, membimbing, menggalak dan memotivasikan murid supaya mengambil inisiatif untuk belajar, demi memperolehi ilmu pengetahuan dan menguasai kemahiran yang diperlukan.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: black; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Apakah ciri-ciri Pengajaran?</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4bacc6;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"></div><ul style="line-height: 150%;"><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">guru dan murid,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">guru sebagai pengajar dan murid sebagai pembelajar,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">hanya bermakna apabila ada pembelajaran,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">melibatkan instruksi diikuti dengan latihan, indoktrinasi dan pelaziman,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">melibatkan proses pemikiran dan penggunaan bahasa atau symbol,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">ada kaitan dengan tugasan dan pencapaian,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">boleh dijalankan dengan aktiviti berpusatkan guru, murid dan gabungan guru-murid serta berpusatkan sumber,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">meliputi rancangan mengajar (KOPI),</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">proses yang melibatkan interaksi dua hala,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">ada unsur sains dan seni.</span></span></li>
</ul><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Apa dia pembelajaran</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">?</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4bacc6;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: black; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> -Umumnya “Pembelajaran merupakan proses memperolehi ilmu pengetahuan atau kemahiran”. Mengikut Robert M. Gagne (1970) dalam The Condition of Learning, pembelajaran merupakan “perubahan tingkahlaku atau kebolehan seseorang yang dapat dikekalkan, tidak termasuk perubahan yang disebabkan proses pertumbuhan”.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: black; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengikut Woolfolk (1980) dalam Educational Psychology for Teachers, pembelajaran dilihat sebagai perubahan dalaman yang berlaku kepada seseorang dengan membentuk perkaitan yang baru, atau sebagai potensi yang sanggup menghasilkan tindak balas yang baru.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: black; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Pembelajaran :<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"></div><ul style="line-height: 150%;"><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Satu proses yang berterusan,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Secara formal dan tak formal,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Secara formal melalui sekolah – membaca, menulis & mengira dsb.,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Secara tak formal melalui rakan sebaya, keluarga, media massa, persekitaran.</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Mempunyai teori-teori atau mazhab pembelajaran,</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #4bacc6; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: #4bacc6; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Empat mazhab pembelajaran utama – behavioris, kognitif, sosial dan humanis.</span></span></li>
</ul><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-36760909532891870602011-10-21T07:32:00.000-07:002011-10-21T07:33:35.944-07:00Kemahiran Saintifik<div class="MsoNormal"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"> Kemahiran saintifik terdiri daripada kemahiran proses sains dan kemahiran manipulatif. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"></div><div class="MsoNormal"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"> i) Kemahiran Proses Sains</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Memerhati.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Mengelaskan.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Mengukur dan menggunakan nombor.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Membuat inferens.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Meramalkan.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Berkomunikasi.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Menggunakan perhubungan ruang dan masa.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Mentafsirkan data.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Mendefinisikan secara operasi.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Mengawal pemboleh ubah.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Membuat hipotesis.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> -Mengeksperimen.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;">ii)Kemahiran manipulatif</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> - merupakan kemahiran psikomotor dalam</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">penyiasatan sains yang membolehkan murid melakukan aktiviti</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">berikut :</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">• Menggunakan dan mengendalikan peralatan dan bahan</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">sains dengan betul.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">• Menyimpan peralatan dan bahan sains dengan betul dan</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">selamat.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">• Membersihkan peralatan sains dengan cara yang betul.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">• Mengendalikan spesimen dengan betul dan cermat.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">• Melakar spesimen, peralatan dan bahan sains dengan tepat.</span></div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-4391190453940593942011-10-20T03:11:00.000-07:002011-10-20T03:18:31.897-07:00AbOuT ThE SeMiNar 'RELEVANKAH TENAGA NUKLEAR DI MALAYSIA?'<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">4 Oktober 2011: Seminar 'Relevankah Tenaga Nuklear di Malaysia?</span></span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Rasanya tidak terlambat untuk saya mengucapkan tahniah kepada rakan-rakan AT12 yang bekerjasama as a team dalam menjayakan seminar 'Relevankah Tenaga Nuklear di Malaysia?'. .</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9knnmPFmUaIF8JPtCYiYuYymgjaX1GqlG_8AWnjXYuXBxJdlpFkqwJZMipFnwv0VmiRfNrKx9LZjRcqYUjXtU7cq-IXaAfNjePS9kHxgI80IGxwjm4QpLdcYLKA68NKU1VIitDCG9RD8/s1600/images.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9knnmPFmUaIF8JPtCYiYuYymgjaX1GqlG_8AWnjXYuXBxJdlpFkqwJZMipFnwv0VmiRfNrKx9LZjRcqYUjXtU7cq-IXaAfNjePS9kHxgI80IGxwjm4QpLdcYLKA68NKU1VIitDCG9RD8/s400/images.jpeg" width="400" /> </a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #38761d;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Akhirnya, selesai juga seminar yang dijalankan pada 4 Oktober 2011..Perjalanan program berjalan dengan lancar walaupun tidak mendapat sambutan yang hangat daripada audiens. Tetapi kami tetap berpuashati dengan hasil kerja kami dan mungkin penambaikan perlu dilakukan pada masa akan datang. Ringan sama dijinjing, berat sama dipikul. Itulah prinsip yang kami pegang untuk menjayakan program ini. Semua saling bantu-membantu dan bertungkus-lumus memberikan kerjasama bagi membolehkan seminar ini berjalan dengan lancar.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">3 Oktober 2011: Debat 'Relevankah Tenaga Nuklear di Malaysia?</span></span></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaQgofCZdH73UD5x8Tpy_vKDlm9i7y1wy29w_XPleTClvHLEt_t44FWBwRiJeFLrCPjzOj10j9YAaPr2JKxz9ri-Mmsm5hh60Ff7mRTuPJbQkX9CYYeRyxi6V3tzELq3js8HWkr_J7bs0/s1600/images+%252840%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaQgofCZdH73UD5x8Tpy_vKDlm9i7y1wy29w_XPleTClvHLEt_t44FWBwRiJeFLrCPjzOj10j9YAaPr2JKxz9ri-Mmsm5hh60Ff7mRTuPJbQkX9CYYeRyxi6V3tzELq3js8HWkr_J7bs0/s1600/images+%252840%2529.jpg" /></a></div> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #38761d;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Pada hari tersebut, satu debat yang sangat mantap telah diadakan di kalangan pelajar AT12 yang diwakili oleh kerajaan dan orang awam sebagai pembangkang. Wakil dari kerajaan bersetuju jika tenaga nuklear digunakan di Malaysia manakala wakil dari orang awam yang membangkang tidak bersetuju jika tenaga nuklear digunakan di Malaysia. Hujah-hujah yang diberikan oleh kedua-dua pihak sangat bagus tetapi pada pemerhatian saya, hujah-hujah dari pihak pembangkang sangat mantap dan bagus serta dapat mematikan hujah dari pihak kerajaan. Pada pendapat saya sendiri juga, saya tidak bersetuju jika tenaga nuklear digunakan di Malaysia. Hal ini adalah kerana Malaysia masih terdapat sumber yang bersih yang boleh dijanakan sebagai tenaga elektrik selain tenaga nuklear.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div> Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-48622778929451964482011-10-05T23:35:00.000-07:002011-10-21T05:19:38.422-07:00TENAGA NUKLEAR!!!<div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"></span></span><br />
<div><div style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="background-color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: #444444; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: normal;"></span></span></div><h1 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 2.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: purple; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p>9 PERKARA YANG ANDA PERLU KETAHUI TENTANG TENAGA NUKLEAR!!!</o:p></span></span></h1><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b style="color: #262626; font-size: 12pt;">1.</b><span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #262626;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;">1- </span></span></b></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;"><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Loji tenaga nuklear menghasilkan tenaga elektrik melalui pemanasan air untuk menghasilkan wap panas yang akan menggerakkan turbin. Bagi menghasilkan wap, loji nuklear menggunakan haba yang terhasil dari penguraian bahan radioaktif – pembelahan nukleus atom bahan radioaktif (kebiasaannya Uranium)<br />
<br />
</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b style="font-size: 12pt;">2.</b><span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> 2. </span></b></span></span><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Amerika Syarikat memiliki 104 reaktor di loji nuklear yang menghasilkan 20 peratus jumlah penghasilan tenaga di seluruh negara tersebut. Pada tahun 2009, 13-14 peratus penjanaan tenaga elektrik seluruh dunia dihasilkan menggunakan tenaga nuklear.</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b style="font-size: 12pt;">3.</b><span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> 3. </span></b></span></span><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Jumlah keseluruhan reaktor tenaga nuklear peringkat komersial dianggarkan melebihi 440 buah yang beroperasi di 30 buah negara seluruh dunia.</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b style="font-size: 12pt;">4.</b><span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> 4. </span></b></span></span><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Terdapat 62 loji nuklear yang sedang dibina di seluruh dunia pada masa ini.</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;"><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;"><br />
</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b style="font-size: 12pt;">5.</b><span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> 5. </span></b></span></span><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Bencana loji tenaga nuklear berlaku apabila bahan radioaktif dalam teras reaktor mengalami pemanasan melampau dan mengalami pencairan. Situasi ini akan membebaskan bahan radioaktif yang tidak terkawal ke persekitaran.</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small; font-weight: bold;">6.</span><span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><b> 6. </b></span></span></span><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Bencana</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"> <b>Chernobyl, Ukraine</b> <span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">pada tahun 1986 dikategorikan sebagai bencana terburuk kemalangan loji nuklear di dunia. Ia mengorbankan 56 nyawa serta merta dan menyebabkan lebih 4000 pesakit kanser yang disebabkan pendedahan radiasi bahan radioaktif. Kerugian akibat dari kemusnahan loji nuklear Chernobyl dianggarkan sebanyak $7 bilion dolar Amerika.</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b style="font-size: 12pt;">7.</b><span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> 7. </span></b></span></span><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Bencana</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"> <b>Reaktor Nuklear</b> <b>Three Mile Island</b> <span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">adalah yang terburuk dicatatkan di Amerika Syarikat yang berlaku pada tahun 1979 di Pennsylvania. Dua unit reaktor di loji terbabit mengalami pencairan separa dan membebaskan radiasi sinaran radioaktif. Kesan daripada tragedi itu, projek peluasan tenaga nuklear Amerika Syarikat dibekukan serta merta buat sementara waktu.</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -0.5in; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b style="font-size: 12pt;">8.</b><span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> 8. </span></b></span></span><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Kesan radiasi bahan radioaktif terjadi apabila seseorang terdedah kepada 1000 mSv per jam. Pekerja Chernobyl meninggal dunia dalam tempoh sebulan dan juga dalam masa seminggu apabila mereka terdedah kepada sinaran radioaktif sebanyak 6'000 mSv per jam dan 10'000 mSv kedua-duanya.</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small; font-weight: bold;">9.</span><span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><b> 9. </b></span></span></span><span style="border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-color: windowtext; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; padding-right: 0in; padding-top: 0in;">Golongan yang menyokong penjanaan eletrik dari tenaga nuklear sentiasa memberi jamian bahawa penggunaan tenaga nuklear adalah bebas dari pencemaran dan pelepasan gas rumah hijau selain berkeupayaan menghasilkan jumlah tenaga yang murah serta banyak berbanding sumber tenaga konvensional. Mereka juga menegaskan bahawa loji tenaga nuklear seperti di US mengamalkan ciri-ciri keselamatan yang ketat.</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: #f3f3f3; clear: both; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="background-color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: #f3f3f3; clear: both; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="background-color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjy2LJeTAyJQBMmPbAAZM6iOisMcxumw4kBwKOx_eZ20wzdivecD696wsGSobxCNyJltKikszHK8pHwNk6OYJ7HGgFx5LPEBmeSh26exO28SBzdD9P4F8BHGyYwln20pJ8kMYr4z9xHJlc/s1600/wast1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjy2LJeTAyJQBMmPbAAZM6iOisMcxumw4kBwKOx_eZ20wzdivecD696wsGSobxCNyJltKikszHK8pHwNk6OYJ7HGgFx5LPEBmeSh26exO28SBzdD9P4F8BHGyYwln20pJ8kMYr4z9xHJlc/s200/wast1.gif" width="200" /></a></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: #f3f3f3; clear: both; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="background-color: white;"><br />
</span></span></div><ol style="font-weight: bold;"><li style="text-indent: -24px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: normal;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: yellow; font-size: large;"> JIKA ANDA INGIN MENGETAHUI INFO MENGENAI TENAGA NUKLEAR LEBIH LANJUT,BOLEH LAYARI WEBSITE SEPERTI DI BAWAH...</span></b></span></span></span></li>
<span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black;"> </span>
<li style="text-indent: -24px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: normal;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: red; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b></span></span></li>
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span></span></span></ol><div style="background-color: #f3f3f3; font-weight: bold;"></div></div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;"><b></b>http://b-naimem.tripod.com/nuklear.htm</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;">http://beritasemasa.com/tenaga-nuklear-di-malaysia-tenaga-alternatif-2021</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;">http://mstar.com.my/berita/cerita.asp?file=/2011/3/13/mstar_berita/20110313142612&sec=mstar_berita</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;">http://www.harakahdaily.net/v2/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=26681:tenaga-nuklear-tidak-wajar-untuk-malaysia-&catid=27:surat-pembaca&Itemid=46</span></div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-30658673098247788542011-09-26T19:44:00.000-07:002011-09-27T06:15:06.873-07:00Kata-kata Motivasi!!!!!!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNkMjtqwmSKjRPfMA_T72x25eLXiYab7gJ2XLK883e99GGh01fAImVUls29YChablwS2U8P6H0NAv-Op2PhCFtWEe1bTtQclquJFnR_nYufpQ1ezI6O95f1ptCyEoWoGW2yco9WUpsEAo/s1600/images+%252821%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNkMjtqwmSKjRPfMA_T72x25eLXiYab7gJ2XLK883e99GGh01fAImVUls29YChablwS2U8P6H0NAv-Op2PhCFtWEe1bTtQclquJFnR_nYufpQ1ezI6O95f1ptCyEoWoGW2yco9WUpsEAo/s1600/images+%252821%2529.jpg" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;">Diharap segala kata-kata perangsang seperti di bawah dapat memotivasikan diri kita untuk menjadikan kita seorang yang lebih berguna!!!!!!</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7-6Tx7nK7ApHR15p1NRbOxDA81NrDYyWchj_BIOizkRa7tMrNESCEk4AAUSThrn6h5H4Qb7R6o3hMaRXV3zR7HuSs19mV7UBWDONW83J-0RONfNJxVs4WrS5anlBlY0AWqioBBiGdM9g/s1600/3.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7-6Tx7nK7ApHR15p1NRbOxDA81NrDYyWchj_BIOizkRa7tMrNESCEk4AAUSThrn6h5H4Qb7R6o3hMaRXV3zR7HuSs19mV7UBWDONW83J-0RONfNJxVs4WrS5anlBlY0AWqioBBiGdM9g/s1600/3.jpeg" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"> Renung-renungkan dan Selamat Beramal!!!!!!!!!</span></span></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHoy0_bGXzc2NVMYZFgN9aiPZA88aY2WbhlgOge4DookXmG7JDnlUWpbgasXCqlqA11ggjanlfBzceSeGxrRGJY4NqHsFQPraUJ1VkEzzeHP6-Gj3i-ttIRia1YaeQIfscaBg9YzY0-1Y/s1600/images+%25286%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="149" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHoy0_bGXzc2NVMYZFgN9aiPZA88aY2WbhlgOge4DookXmG7JDnlUWpbgasXCqlqA11ggjanlfBzceSeGxrRGJY4NqHsFQPraUJ1VkEzzeHP6-Gj3i-ttIRia1YaeQIfscaBg9YzY0-1Y/s200/images+%25286%2529.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKuja5-rI-f0N9teT8ytcRPo_Z8gLLpuZY5NxfTGcRhYxZ0FiGswE9GMx9SsvfTvgcIBBdIUygfAO3OhPJfCShN8_jAq_b94FmazOfAo6Fg5pnR7cAGJAXnLzQYKcwQ7Zpfpa1GnLFcw0/s1600/images+%25288%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="144" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKuja5-rI-f0N9teT8ytcRPo_Z8gLLpuZY5NxfTGcRhYxZ0FiGswE9GMx9SsvfTvgcIBBdIUygfAO3OhPJfCShN8_jAq_b94FmazOfAo6Fg5pnR7cAGJAXnLzQYKcwQ7Zpfpa1GnLFcw0/s200/images+%25288%2529.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkmIoZmzQzia161DXrO8xGe74QG8UWTjo4ciXW9kAAeQEmH922WPNCf4vaNtBCl6G5xDtnxaZVNVsmRN0SGau6pObycU_ASmDFuxZ8NH9UtWxWHcgzRd8xPBkS-E-tMMZwr-7fr-wcgY0/s1600/images+%252811%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkmIoZmzQzia161DXrO8xGe74QG8UWTjo4ciXW9kAAeQEmH922WPNCf4vaNtBCl6G5xDtnxaZVNVsmRN0SGau6pObycU_ASmDFuxZ8NH9UtWxWHcgzRd8xPBkS-E-tMMZwr-7fr-wcgY0/s200/images+%252811%2529.jpg" width="160" /></a></div><br />
<span style="color: lime; font-size: large;"> </span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqTXtZMbXv1WHizUBqO_4unoERhV7fP8rigD2QcIUa9ORUcNUm6w5vKlz7Rea6mmIdc1F0nQRAnkQZHemlOxbh3ffp1anTvQOtSULoyohxJeLq9ZhLYr2UtPC4ZuaT9bd6m0rR8NErK0k/s1600/2.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="188" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqTXtZMbXv1WHizUBqO_4unoERhV7fP8rigD2QcIUa9ORUcNUm6w5vKlz7Rea6mmIdc1F0nQRAnkQZHemlOxbh3ffp1anTvQOtSULoyohxJeLq9ZhLYr2UtPC4ZuaT9bd6m0rR8NErK0k/s200/2.jpeg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijR-pOQaZFXOY8tMYmnRuDzNnON9MdRKeS5uzh816IInz2E9ZokAOxi2iiLg9_82E9ab6jrzQY8q0LC_uvvRUkjxQXxQypVGM_pkE7vekJhyphenhyphen2kI8CdcPupNcq-PHa2WpOkVE6pzdss3W0/s1600/1.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijR-pOQaZFXOY8tMYmnRuDzNnON9MdRKeS5uzh816IInz2E9ZokAOxi2iiLg9_82E9ab6jrzQY8q0LC_uvvRUkjxQXxQypVGM_pkE7vekJhyphenhyphen2kI8CdcPupNcq-PHa2WpOkVE6pzdss3W0/s200/1.jpeg" width="136" /></a>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-87915452580861982472011-09-25T17:52:00.000-07:002011-09-27T05:00:56.561-07:00Next Lesson...... Pelajaran pada hari ini adalah tentang pembelajaran masteri.<b><br />
</b><br />
<br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Apakah itu Pembelajaran Masteri???</span></b><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFs45Lj6Zsn2N-dGJfKUTeNvMF0LofcaO-gYaOeq1JZSKt_X6u_9NvSVEi_9T0dVmeMVEACOdMMHZjNVidqq0LX3wJ3xftyXKudT_WHv3BfRW65TjGH4EOrUq-5wxq3OwHJOE5U0wU-Ac/s1600/math_RPM_Math_Yr5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFs45Lj6Zsn2N-dGJfKUTeNvMF0LofcaO-gYaOeq1JZSKt_X6u_9NvSVEi_9T0dVmeMVEACOdMMHZjNVidqq0LX3wJ3xftyXKudT_WHv3BfRW65TjGH4EOrUq-5wxq3OwHJOE5U0wU-Ac/s1600/math_RPM_Math_Yr5.jpg" /></a><b>Pembelajaran Masteri</b><br />
<span style="color: red;">… merupakan satu pendekatan pengajaran</span><br />
<div style="color: red;"> dan pembelajaran yang berfokuskan</div><div style="color: red;"> penguasaan murid dalam sesuatu perkara</div><div style="color: red;"> yang diajar.</div><div style="color: red;"> [Bloom, 1968]</div><br />
<span style="color: lime;">… berasaskan kepada falsafah bahawa</span><br />
<div style="color: lime;"> semua atau hampir semua murid boleh</div><div style="color: lime;"> menguasai sesuatu pengetahuan atau</div><div style="color: lime;"> kemahiran dengan baik dan penuh keyakinan</div><div style="color: lime;"> sekiranya keadaan yang sesuai dan masa</div><div style="color: lime;"> yang mencukupi disediakan untuk murid itu</div><div style="color: lime;"> menguasai pembelajarannya.</div><div style="color: lime;"> [Bloom, 1968]</div><br />
<div style="text-align: left;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"> … ialah satu set idea dan amalan pengajaran</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"> secara individu yang dapat membantu murid</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"> untuk belajar secara konsisten … idea dan</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"> amalan ini menghasilkan pengajaran yang</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"> sistematik, membantu murid apabila</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"> menghadapi masalah pembelajaran,</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"> memperuntukkan masa yang mencukupi</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"> untuk murid mencapai masteri dengan</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"> berpandukan kriteria masteri yang jelas.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"> [Anderson & Block, 1975]</span></div><br />
<b>Modul Pembelajaran Masteri </b>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-16524451255921054412011-09-23T03:31:00.000-07:002011-09-23T03:35:52.610-07:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKJI6VTwHRZHEVQJl-ojDiomaGNlHcjfrDIx-Aww-r3x1LTTdZBxfITyz9cKklmjeH32Q8MzuZWGebjctyIiIgFuR2EZpPGPtoES6gGDVcIfY5ylGUS0RI4QI1epuHFI7TsavBZ7Hq24g/s1600/sukses-atau-gagal.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKJI6VTwHRZHEVQJl-ojDiomaGNlHcjfrDIx-Aww-r3x1LTTdZBxfITyz9cKklmjeH32Q8MzuZWGebjctyIiIgFuR2EZpPGPtoES6gGDVcIfY5ylGUS0RI4QI1epuHFI7TsavBZ7Hq24g/s320/sukses-atau-gagal.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-26183865900977504312011-09-21T18:31:00.000-07:002011-09-28T09:36:05.785-07:00Cara Membuat Keputusan<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtoMcHpfHTu2SeepGh4i5EkYSzzuMn-nf91MnHtWevqDN7XDrqoTwuaTEhjxgVevpSQmBi3I2piAQAoQ1rxN9S4riddRaMVdcfnOyKRdqp4S9Jgcfy-1LI66Oz4JkyJ9wnjx0KmxxL1HA/s1600/smile4.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtoMcHpfHTu2SeepGh4i5EkYSzzuMn-nf91MnHtWevqDN7XDrqoTwuaTEhjxgVevpSQmBi3I2piAQAoQ1rxN9S4riddRaMVdcfnOyKRdqp4S9Jgcfy-1LI66Oz4JkyJ9wnjx0KmxxL1HA/s1600/smile4.gif" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Bagaiamanakah cara kita<b> </b>membuat keputusan?????</span></span><b><br />
</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikP5gfuRWNxkoSDNdKd7Qiio6I7-jCE3X0InHVZ2vJl2rCVjTBxg4uldOcoSOzWOtO1uRWgI9TwCVLZkfXxpXaTKaiz-XLl5XqJ623APkJAVh05HDqQfQtfrPYFGzZl-_dxeR2tL5QE7w/s1600/Are-you-a-good-decision-maker.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikP5gfuRWNxkoSDNdKd7Qiio6I7-jCE3X0InHVZ2vJl2rCVjTBxg4uldOcoSOzWOtO1uRWgI9TwCVLZkfXxpXaTKaiz-XLl5XqJ623APkJAVh05HDqQfQtfrPYFGzZl-_dxeR2tL5QE7w/s1600/Are-you-a-good-decision-maker.jpg" /></a></div><br />
<b> </b><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">Skillful Decision Making</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFl34wgk6tFP22o2w-6Mhzay8S48EBV0YYZtPRlyV7CJQc6XlBBkUOBIZJVjOgu1y68DxyvPvvWnF64Zu7QPe0mJt9dFzB8ax3hDCKC89LStCXsMiAhA-UGe7qMPZjWMoI9hvaMd_5Ovc/s1600/images+%252824%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="299" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFl34wgk6tFP22o2w-6Mhzay8S48EBV0YYZtPRlyV7CJQc6XlBBkUOBIZJVjOgu1y68DxyvPvvWnF64Zu7QPe0mJt9dFzB8ax3hDCKC89LStCXsMiAhA-UGe7qMPZjWMoI9hvaMd_5Ovc/s320/images+%252824%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA3fXetO2g7gdQJ_vBcwVWjcyw2gaM2CVM6asVLieyK9VklgIZO4-rvCDXFYhIEhMYvS1NG2UmDk62IpRYLdvZsrgboWszStLlps_DZPzOrB1iMTuqQ_avrhGm-wMfw-AWaPvf0vklopk/s1600/images.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA3fXetO2g7gdQJ_vBcwVWjcyw2gaM2CVM6asVLieyK9VklgIZO4-rvCDXFYhIEhMYvS1NG2UmDk62IpRYLdvZsrgboWszStLlps_DZPzOrB1iMTuqQ_avrhGm-wMfw-AWaPvf0vklopk/s200/images.jpeg" width="187" /></span></a><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">-What makes a decision necessary?</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">-What are my options?</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">What are the likely consequences of each option?</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">-How important are the consequences?</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: yellow;">Which option is best in light of the consequences?</span><br />
<br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: x-large;">Teori Konstruktivisme</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkN7rb5la9LYJD7V-KNkRUIvncbeFkggHmB_VPyYQEOia60tYl8n0G6CB_CplP7baWJUYflN56DV49b48lEmbdtQB7Ke42wimjbyUIBDdUswiQHDXr1qei3dkpbHj00nufjmAiYEBscz4/s1600/images+%252823%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkN7rb5la9LYJD7V-KNkRUIvncbeFkggHmB_VPyYQEOia60tYl8n0G6CB_CplP7baWJUYflN56DV49b48lEmbdtQB7Ke42wimjbyUIBDdUswiQHDXr1qei3dkpbHj00nufjmAiYEBscz4/s1600/images+%252823%2529.jpg" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">Prinsip-prinsip Konstruktivisme</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">1. Pengetahuan dibina pelajar.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">2. Pemahaman dibentuk melalui analisis dan sintesis pengalaman lalu.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">3. Aktiviti pembelajaran menggabungkan 3 domain iaitu domain kognitif, domain afektif dan domain psikomotor. </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">4. Refleksi membantu membentuk pengetahuan dan pemahaman. </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">5. Pelajar berperanan menentukan pembelajaran sendiri. </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">6. Hasilan pembelajaran adalah pelbagai dan sukar hendak dijangka. </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">7. Menggalakkan pelajar berfikir dan mencuba idea baru. </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">8. Menyokong dan mencabar pemikiran seseorang pelajar.</span><br />
<br />
<h2 align="center"><span style="color: #f1c232; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';">Model Konstruktivisme 5-Fasa</span></h2><h2 align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Fasa-fasa pengajaran berasaskan model konstruktivisme 5-fasa seperti berikut:-</span><br />
</span></h2><table border="1" bordercolordark="#003300" bordercolorlight="#003300"><tbody>
<tr> <td align="center" width="8%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Bil</span></span></td> <td width="19%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Fasa</span></span></td> <td width="38%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Tujuan/Kegunaan</span></span></td> <td width="35%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Kaedah</span></span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" width="8%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">I</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="19%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Orientasi</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="38%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Menimbulkan minat dan menyediakan suasana</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="35%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Amali penyelesaikan masalah sebenar, tunjukcara oleh guru, tayangan filem, video dan keratan akhbar</span></span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" width="8%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">II</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="19%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Pencetusan Idea</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="38%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Supaya murid dan guru sedar tentang idea terdahulu</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="35%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Amali, perbincangan dalam kumpulan kecil, pemetaan konset dan laporan</span></span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" width="8%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">III</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="19%"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';">Penstrukturan semula idea</span><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
i. Pernjelasan dan pertukaran<br />
<br />
ii. Pendedahan kepada situasi konflik<br />
<br />
iii. Pembinaan idea baru</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';">iv. Penilaian</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="38%"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';">Mewujudkan kesedaran tentang idea alternatif yang berbentuk saintifik.<br />
Menyedari bahawa idea-idea sedia ada perlu diubahsuai, diperkembangkan atau diganti dengan idea yang lebih saintifik.</span><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';">Mengenalpasti idea-idea alternatif dan memeriksa secara kritis idea-idea sedia ada sendiri<br />
Menguji kesahan idea-idea sedia ada<br />
</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';">Pengubahsuaian, pemgembangan atau penukaran idea</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';">Menguji kesahan untuk idea-idea baru yang dibina</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="35%"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Perbincangan dalam kumpulan kecil dan buat laporan</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><br />
<br />
</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';">Perbincangan, pembacaan, input guru.</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';">Amali, kerja projek, eksperimen, tunjukcara guru</span></span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" width="8%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">IV</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="19%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Penggunaan idea</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="38%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Pengukuhan kepada idea yang telah dibina dalam situasi baru dan biasa</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="35%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Penulisan sendiri kerja projek</span></span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" width="8%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">V</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="19%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Renungan kembali</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="38%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Menyedari tentang perubahan idea murid. Murid dapat membuat refleksi sejauh manakah idea asal mereka telah berubah.</span></span></td> <td valign="top" width="35%"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-small;">Penulisan kendiri, perbincangan kumpulan, catatan peribadi dan lain-lain.</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5v8k9Dk4CMfGnY3-sF3XXO6xAJUP_UsnEggel0q7BXhEYzafb8vRo-ThGNb6qWwU_mzfNWzDYoo6j_1-Ra3GZnDA9Hp88aNDn13WRk-W3ib90q14u8idEqcY2TtEAfOvpYQWfvV2L4E8/s1600/learningcenter.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5v8k9Dk4CMfGnY3-sF3XXO6xAJUP_UsnEggel0q7BXhEYzafb8vRo-ThGNb6qWwU_mzfNWzDYoo6j_1-Ra3GZnDA9Hp88aNDn13WRk-W3ib90q14u8idEqcY2TtEAfOvpYQWfvV2L4E8/s1600/learningcenter.jpg" /></a></div><h2 align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color: #660000;"> </span></span></h2>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-4349985047064432772011-09-19T19:15:00.000-07:002011-09-23T19:44:58.751-07:00Pendidikan, Instruksi dan Pengajaran<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">Unit 1:</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">-Membezakan antara pendidikan, instruksi dan pengajaran.</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">-Menghuraikan hubungan antara pengajaran, teknologi penaksiran dan pembelajaran.</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white;"><br />
</span></div><div style="direction: ltr; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">Unit 2:</span></div><div class="O0" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">¨Menghuraikan beberapa pendekatan atau model pengajaran </span></div><div style="direction: ltr; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">Unit 3:</span></div><div class="O0" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">¨Menghuraikan matlamat dan objektif pengajaran </span></div><div style="direction: ltr; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">¨Menjana objektif pembelajaran mengikut domain </span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">Persoalan inkuiri utama</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan </span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">1) Pendidikan (education)</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">2) Instruksi (instruction)</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">3) Pengajaran (teaching)</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">4) Teknologi (technology)</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">5) Penaksiran ( Assessment)</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">6) Pembelajaran (Learning)</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">Bagaimanakah semua konsep ini berkait?????</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white;"><br />
</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;">Advance Organizer: teknik KWhL </span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;"></span><br />
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 856px;"><colgroup><col span="4" style="mso-width-source: userset; width: 161pt;" width="214"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr height="145" style="height: 109.04pt; mso-height-source: userset;"><td class="oa1" height="145" style="height: 109.04pt; width: 161pt;" width="214"><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-weight: bold;">What you </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-weight: bold;">K</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-weight: bold;">now</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-weight: bold;"> </span></span></div></td> <td class="oa1" style="width: 161pt;" width="214"><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-weight: bold;">What you </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-weight: bold;">W</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-weight: bold;">ant to know</span></span></div></td><td class="oa1" style="width: 161pt;" width="214"><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-weight: bold;">H</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-weight: bold;">ow</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: baseline;"> to find</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: baseline;"> out</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: 28pt; font-weight: bold;"> </span></span></div></td> <td class="oa1" style="width: 161pt;" width="214"><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: 28pt; font-weight: bold;">What you </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: 28pt; font-weight: bold;">L</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: 28pt; font-weight: bold;">earned</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: 28pt; font-weight: bold;"> </span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr height="311" style="height: 232.96pt; mso-height-source: userset;"> <td class="oa2" height="311" style="height: 232.96pt; width: 161pt;" width="214"><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span></div></td> <td class="oa2" style="width: 161pt;" width="214"><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span></div></td> <td class="oa2" style="width: 161pt;" width="214"><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span></div></td> <td class="oa2" style="width: 161pt;" width="214"><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-61247073165660451552011-09-12T19:37:00.000-07:002011-09-27T06:33:19.255-07:002nd Lesson-What we call assessment????<div style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Assessment</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: white;">Assessment is a process of collecting data about what students know and what they are able to do...</span><br />
<br />
<div style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: large;">Type of Assessment</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;">1-Assessment of Learning</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;">2- Group Assessment</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;">3- Self Assessment</span><br />
<br />
<div style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Wikispaces @ Myspaces:What is the differences between them??????</span></div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2805712907057319981.post-11058759590793451532011-09-12T05:32:00.000-07:002011-09-27T07:16:05.386-07:00My 1st Trial<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: #666666; color: #d4d4d4; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;"></span><br />
<div style="font-family: Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Good Information!!!!</span></b><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br />
</b></span></div><div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6ucC0uzsRiXW345CblJRnrG6tOruCJFZAUgeDfxFJ8p_gN7lTqO546S4aIKXZ0s3EbkJIBjPSjZ93aeNBtUpsi51TYquUj2XISXGmzq8KwNMxeXZBehKKom9XaoArxjlzoA259iJ9N_4/s1600/images+%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6ucC0uzsRiXW345CblJRnrG6tOruCJFZAUgeDfxFJ8p_gN7lTqO546S4aIKXZ0s3EbkJIBjPSjZ93aeNBtUpsi51TYquUj2XISXGmzq8KwNMxeXZBehKKom9XaoArxjlzoA259iJ9N_4/s1600/images+%25282%2529.jpg" /></a></div> </div><div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime; font-size: large;">1) How is life without energy?</span></b><br />
<br />
</div><div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijGm7WXwI6efNkM77U5xrsB69iKEpcA7-XpqVsf47Fb3Xn1g2zts6aqDgWWDKI2kp9i1p7H15pQj0rNML-5kYlioYgcxg1TnZlPbBRH46RRqpzNUaZgqhDC-wOjqZVRNrJbvwtGrl8FIg/s1600/6010655.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijGm7WXwI6efNkM77U5xrsB69iKEpcA7-XpqVsf47Fb3Xn1g2zts6aqDgWWDKI2kp9i1p7H15pQj0rNML-5kYlioYgcxg1TnZlPbBRH46RRqpzNUaZgqhDC-wOjqZVRNrJbvwtGrl8FIg/s320/6010655.jpg" width="235" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">-</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Can you imagine life without lights, fans, cars, computers and television, or of fetching water from the well and river? This is what life would have been like had man not discovered the uses of energy – both renewable and nonrenewable sources. No life without energy. All life depends on the continuous input of energy.</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><b>What is the definition of energy???</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><b> </b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="font-size: large;"> </b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">Energy is the capacity of a physical system to perform work. Energy exists in several forms such as heat, kinetic or mechanical energy, light, potential energy. electrical or other forms.</span></span><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<center><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHSXma5hkjb244eIErur5MGAX9oQTcyJWn4L4h-vxNlBpKy-gB0gl7mdAIxU84DtVrNjMLVJFlfFQaekixWrVz987h3Eecq6uQBR6pXvUy0V5LQj6DtT3UfZZjoJZdHDvZwkp2VTUo9wA/s1600/images+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHSXma5hkjb244eIErur5MGAX9oQTcyJWn4L4h-vxNlBpKy-gB0gl7mdAIxU84DtVrNjMLVJFlfFQaekixWrVz987h3Eecq6uQBR6pXvUy0V5LQj6DtT3UfZZjoJZdHDvZwkp2VTUo9wA/s1600/images+%25281%2529.jpg" /></a><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="5" style="width: 400px;"><tbody>
<tr><td colspan="2" width="400"><b><span style="color: #c10000; font-family: Arial;">Forms of Energy</span><span style="color: #4f009d; font-family: Arial;"><br />
</span></b></td></tr>
<tr><td width="61"> <img alt="renebull.gif (162 bytes)" height="25" src="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/renebull.gif" width="16" /></td><td width="339"><span style="color: #4f009d; font-family: Arial;"><b><a href="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/renew/renew.htm" style="text-decoration: underline;">Renewable Energy</a><br />
</b></span></td></tr>
<tr><td width="61"> <img alt="renebull.gif (162 bytes)" height="25" src="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/renebull.gif" width="16" /></td><td width="339"><span style="color: #4f009d; font-family: Arial;"><b><a href="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/n_renew.htm" style="text-decoration: underline;">Non-Renewable Energy</a><br />
</b></span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" width="61"><img alt="renebull.gif (162 bytes)" height="25" src="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/renebull.gif" width="16" /></td><td width="339"><span style="color: #4f009d; font-family: Arial;"><b><a href="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/nuclear.htm" style="text-decoration: underline;">Nuclear Energy</a></b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table></center></div><div align="left"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><a href="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/ener.htm" style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #4f009d; font-family: Arial;"><br />
</span></a><span style="color: #4f009d; font-family: Arial;"> <a href="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/conserv.htm" style="text-decoration: underline;">Conservation of energy</a><br />
</span></b></span></div><div align="center"><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<center><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="5" height="150" style="width: 400px;"><tbody>
<tr><td align="left" colspan="2" height="33" valign="top" width="400"><div align="left"><span style="color: #c10000; font-family: Arial;"><b> Energy conservation in different sectors</b></span></div></td></tr>
<tr><td height="31" width="64"> <img alt="renebull.gif (162 bytes)" height="25" src="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/renebull.gif" width="16" /></td><td height="31" width="336"><a href="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/domestic.htm" style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #4f009d; font-family: Arial;"><b>Domestic sector</b></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td height="31" width="64"> <img alt="renebull.gif (162 bytes)" height="25" src="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/renebull.gif" width="16" /></td><td height="31" width="336"><a href="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/transport.htm" style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #4f009d; font-family: Arial;"><b>Transport sector</b></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td height="31" width="64"> <img alt="renebull.gif (162 bytes)" height="25" src="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/renebull.gif" width="16" /></td><td height="31" width="336"><a href="http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/industrial.htm" style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #4f009d; font-family: Arial;"><b>Industrial sector</b></span></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table></center></div></div><div align="center"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #bc0323; font-family: Arial;"><b><i><br />
</i></b></span></div></div><div><div style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif;"><span style="color: lime; font-size: large;">2) How does energy shortage affect our life?</span></div><div style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif;"><br />
</div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"> <span style="background-color: black; color: white;">This is what we call '</span></span><b style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif;">Energy Crisis</b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">'...</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: black; color: white; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">An <b>energy crisis</b> is any great <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottleneck_%28logistics%29" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Bottleneck (logistics)">bottleneck</a> (or price rise) in the supply of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Energy">energy</a> resources to an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economics" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Economics">economy</a>. In popular literature though, it often refers to one of the energy sources used at a certain time and place, particularly those that supply national <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Electricity">electricity</a> grids or serve as fuel for vehicles. There has been an enormous increase in the global demand for energy in recent years as a result of industrial development and population growth. Supply of energy is, therefore, far less than the actual demand.</span></span></div><div><br />
</div><div><div style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif;"><br />
</div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;"></span><br />
<div class="headerCompany" style="font-weight: bold;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">What is Nuclear Energy?</span></div><div style="color: #4377a6;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="bodyText" style="color: white; left: auto; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Nuclear energy originates from the splitting of uranium atoms in a process called fission. At the power plant, the fission process is used to generate heat for producing steam, which is used by a turbine to generate electricity.</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica; font-size: large; font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica; font-size: large; font-weight: bold;"><br />
</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;"></span><br />
<ul><h2><span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: yellow; font-family: Arial, Helvetica;">Advantages of Nuclear Energy</span></span></h2><ul><ul><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: lime;">1)The Earth has limited supplies of coal and oil. Nuclear power plants could still produce electricity after coal and oil become scarce.</span></li>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> </span>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> </span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">2)Nuclear power plants need less fuel than ones which burn fossil fuels. One ton of uranium produces more energy than is produced by several million tons of coal or several million barrels of oil.</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> </span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">3)Coal and oil burning plants pollute the air. Well-operated nuclear power plants do not release contaminants into the environment.</span></li>
</span></ul></ul></ul><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;"></span><br />
<ul><h2><span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: yellow; font-family: Arial, Helvetica;">Disadvantages of Nuclear Energy</span></span></h2><ul><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: lime;">The nations of the world now have more than enough nuclear bombs to kill every person on Earth. The two most powerful nations -- Russia and the United States -- have about 50,000 nuclear weapons between them. What if there were to be a nuclear war? What if terrorists got their hands on nuclear weapons? Or what if nuclear weapons were launched by accident?</span></ul><ul><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> </span><ul><ul><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">1)Nuclear explosions produce radiation. The nuclear radiation harms the cells of the body which can make people sick or even kill them. Illness can strike people years after their exposure to nuclear radiation.</span></li>
</ul><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> </span></li>
<ul><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">2)One possible type of reactor disaster is known as a <b>meltdown</b>. In such an accident, the fission reaction goes out of control, leading to a nuclear explosion and the emission of great amounts of radiation.</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> </span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">3)In 1979, the cooling system failed at the Three mile Island nuclear reactor near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Radiation leaked, forcing tens of thousands of people to flee. The problem was solved minutes before a total meltdown would have occurred. Fortunately, there were no deaths.</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> </span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">4)In 1986, a much worse disaster struck Russia's Chernobyl nuclear power plant.. In this incident, a large amount of radiation escaped from the reactor. Hundreds of thousands of people were exposed to the radiation. Several dozen died within a few days. In the years to come, thousands more may die of cancers induced by the radiation.</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> </span></li>
</ul><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">Nuclear reactors also have waste disposal problems. Reactors produce nuclear waste products which emit dangerous radiation. Because they could kill people who touch them, they cannot be thrown away like ordinary garbage. Currently, many nuclear wastes are stored in special cooling pools at the nuclear reactors.</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;"> </span></li>
<ul><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">The United States plans to move its nuclear waste to a remote underground dump by the year 2010.</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">In 1957, at a dump site in Russia's Ural Mountains, several hundred miles from Moscow, buried nuclear wastes mysteriously exploded, killing dozens of people.</span></li>
</ul><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">Nuclear reactors only last for about forty to fifty years.</span></li>
</ul></span></ul></ul><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"><br />
</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Skills and attitude:</div><div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">1) What are the kind of question that you would answer to make an important decision?</div><div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">2) What kind of behaviour that would faciliate social interaction?</div>Mc Tinhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16777259698131305429noreply@blogger.com4